多項選擇題Which two steps does a receiver perform to validate a message using HMAC？ （）  

A. decrypts the received MAC using a secret key
B. compares the computed MAC vs. the MAC received
C. authenticate the receivedmessage using the sender’s public key
D. look up the sender’s public key
E. extracts the MAC from the receivedmessage thenencrypts the received message with a secret keyto producethe MAC
F. Computes the MAC using the receivedmessage and a secret key as inputs to the hash function


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1.單項選擇題Which of the following best describes a hash function？（）

A.An irreversible fast encryption method
B.A reversible fast encryption method
C.A reversible value computed from a piece of data and used to detect modifications
D.An irreversible value computed froma piece of data and used to detect modifications
E.A table inwhich values are stored for efficient retrieval.

2.單項選擇題What does qos pre-classify provides inregardto implementing QoS over GRE/IPSec VPN tunnels？（）

A. enables IOS to copy the ToS field from the inner （original） IPheader to theouter tunnel IP header
B. enables IOS to make a copy of the inner （original） IP header and to run a QoS classification before encryption， based on fields in the inner IP header.
C. enables IOS to classify packets based on the ToS field in the inner （original） IP header
D. enables IOS to classify packets based on the ToS field in the outer tunnel IP header
E. enables the IOS classification engine to only see a single encrypted and tunneledflow to reduce classification complexity

3.多項選擇題Asymmetric and symmetric ciphers differ in which of the following way（s）？ （） 

A.Asymmetric ciphers use pre-shared keys
B.Symmetric ciphers are faster to compute
C.Asymmetric ciphers are faster to compute
D.Asymmetric ciphers use public and private

4.單項選擇題Which of the following is the most effective technique to prevent source IPAddress spoofing？（）

A. policy based routing （PBR）
B. unicast reverse path forwarding （uRPF）
C. lock and keyACL
D. RFC 1918filtering
E. IP source routing

5.單項選擇題Which type of attacks can be monitored and mitigated by CS-MARS using NetFlow data？（）

A. Man-in-themiddle attack
B. Spoof attack
C. Land.C attack
D. Buffer Overflow
E. Day zero attack
F. Trojan Horse